Still, the water level could be monitored and controlled, and the subsidence of the dredged sediment could be monitored.
In the mesoscale experiment, the environmental parameters such as wind, precipitation and temperature, were not controlled as the 1 m3 containers used for these experiments were placed outside, in open air conditions. In the laboratory experiments, the environmental conditions were controlled, leading to constant water content and optimal oxygen concentration for biological processes. The knowledge obtained with these experiments can provide guidelines to effectively use dredged sediments to reverse land subsidence. To understand the relation between the sediments and the soils formed, physical/chemical and biological processes were studied at three scales: laboratory scale, mesoscale, and field scale. When sediments are transferred from waterways to upland conditions, a series of processes take place that transform the waterlogged sediments into aerated soils, a process known as ripening. The major constraints for beneficial use of sediments are the contaminant concentrations, and the proper managing of supply and demand of sediments (Chapter 1). In this thesis, the beneficial use of dredged sediments to reverse land subsidence in lowlands and delta areas is explored.
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